Ielts essay writing topics
Tuesday, August 25, 2020
A Person Who Has Made a Great Impact on My Life Free Essays
Now and again we run over an individual who changes our entire viewpoint of life for better. The previous summer I met Uncle Joe. My folks sent me to my uncle on siestas. We will compose a custom exposition test on A Person Who Has Made a Great Impact on My Life or then again any comparative point just for you Request Now I should spend my entire summer occasions with him and his family. That was the first occasion when we have been acquainted with one another. From the outset, I believed that it would have been my most noticeably terrible occasion ever. I felt humiliated of living with individuals I scarcely knew and needed to get back however days passed and I became acquainted with my uncle better. Regular, we used to get up promptly toward the beginning of the day and go for angling. We gathered our sacks with arrangement and went to the waterway. He showed me how to fish and afterward we sat together for a considerable length of time, angling. While angling, he used to recount to a great deal of intriguing stories dependent on his own background. He revealed to me anecdotes about his understudy life, about his vocation, and about existence all in all. When he asked me what I need to become and what I need to accomplish in my life. I didn't have the foggiest idea what to answerâ and never thought about it. He revealed to me that I shouldâ decide wiselyâ so that at long last I would not lament about anything I have done. Iâ told himâ that I donââ¬â¢t realize what I need to do. At that point he prompted that I ought to do just whatà I am keen on. I recall his words, he stated, ââ¬Å"Donââ¬â¢t care about cash or notoriety of your occupation. Simply do what you truly love. â⬠I began to list down the things which I truly love and started keeping in touch with them in my journal. The entire summer I spent investigating myself lastly concluding that I need to interface my future with material science and engineering. In this way, I arrived at resolution that I should examine structural building. Be that as it may, this isn't all what my uncle has assisted me with. He likewise revealed to me that I ought to be resolved and relentless in accomplishing my objectives. He regularly said that steadfast assurance is the most genuine shrewdness. Be that as it may, I think the most significant exercise I got from my uncle is to see just positive side in any event. At some point, we didn't get any fish and returned home with void hands. I took a gander at my uncle and saw that he was grinning. I asked why he was grinning as I didn't perceive any motivation to be cheerful. At that point he said richly, ââ¬Å"We didnââ¬â¢t get any fish, yet we made some extraordinary memories. I donââ¬â¢t see any motivations to be troubled. â⬠I appreciate his disposition. He is consistently thankful to all that he has and is genuinely upbeat. Uncle Joe is the individual who has had an effect on my life. After that occasion, I changed my way of life and demeanor. I used to invest a ton of energy before my PC, messing around and riding the net. Presently, I invest more energy examining, playing b-ball and going out with my companions. I took in a great deal of things which were unfamiliar to me. I turned out to be progressively genuine, idealistic and develop. During the time I went through with him, I likewise discovered that regardless of how savvy I am or the amount I know, there is in every case more to learn or encounter. Iââ¬â¢m thankful to him that he has helped me to discover who I am and what I need. The most effective method to refer to A Person Who Has Made a Great Impact on My Life, Essay models
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Liberal Arts Persuasive Essay Example For Students
Aesthetic Sciences Persuasive Essay Therefore, understudies are bit by bit getting less intrigued by Liberal Arts. Individuals have picked Science subjects over Art subjects since they accept that less insightful understudies study expressions, finding a decent line of work is troublesome in human expressions field, and they are not ready to submit the time and cash expected to contemplate expressions. In the article The Liberal Arts: Preserving Humanity, Jennifer Urbane discussions about how Liberal Arts has lost notoriety because of people groups expanded enthusiasm for present day exercises, She additionally discusses how individuals need to dispose of Liberal Arts courses and spotlight on zones of study that lead to professions with a lucrative pay. She at that point develops what has lead to the decrease to liberal craftsmanship studies and it increasing a negative notoriety (1-4). In Stanley Ashs article, The Last teacher, he expresses that individuals are being nave to expect that the liberal workmanship emergency is a momentary disparity. He discusses how this has been going on for quite a while and that eve can't prevent from occurring. Stanley than proceeds to discuss how timing is an incredible issue when considering human sciences and how being brought into the world past the point of no return or too soon is a factor (1-2). ;;;; The main explanation that Iberia expressions have been diminishing in prevalence and confronting a calamity is because of the individuals being cash situated. In this way people are continually attempting to contemplate a course that Will empower them to find a well paying line of work later on, Which causes them not to follow their fantasies. The horrible generalization of the destitute craftsm an has lead to alarm individuals to do as such (Urbane I). In todays world individuals esteem being rich more than having instruction in a field of their advantage. Individuals for the most part go into fields that have more significant compensations and not concentrate for being enthusiastic and intrigued by the subject. I had a companion who was really wanting to study ladies concentrates yet in the wake of doing examination and correspondence she had adjust her perspective as she feared not having a strong padding vocation to count on (Urbane 2). Despite the fact that lady considers help create basic reasoning and composing aptitudes they despite everything have constrained openings for work later on. The second purpose behind lost enthusiasm for aesthetic sciences is the way that it is additional tedious and costly than studying different fields. Individuals done troubling Liberal Art subjects, for example, Philosophy, Sociology and Dance (Urbane 2). The individuals who increase a qualification in humanities have invested more energy and cash than understudies who have accomplished a certificate in Science, and are viewed as sitting around idly upon dead dialects (Carnegie CTD. In Fish). Additionally some human sciences subjects require expensive speculations on types of gear even before you can have any kind of training. In this manner just individuals who plan their school understanding as per their own advantage are proceeding with the investigation of aesthetic sciences (Urbane 2). The last motivation behind why human sciences are being overlooked is because of the way that they are thought little of contrasted with Other majors. These days, individuals Who study Liberal expressions are accepted to not be as smart as understudies who are in science or business majors. For instance, for my situation, my folks and family members were extremely glad that I was concentrating to turn into a mechanical designer. It generally caused me wonder on the off chance that they would to feel a similar way whenever had chosen to study humanities. @Len Iran understudies need to pick when entering secondary school on the off chance that they need to study Science, Business or Arts. Most of the understudies go for the sciences regardless of whether they don't have any enthusiasm for this field. This is because of the weight the family applies on them. This had lead to a ton of issues since larger part of them end up not getting into college because of the high rivalry in this field. In this manner numerous to them wind up being uneducated despite the fact that these understudies have an exceptional fitness for human sciences. .u513fe0e88afd630f9b877d4e8cebaeca , .u513fe0e88afd630f9b877d4e8cebaeca .postImageUrl , .u513fe0e88afd630f9b877d4e8cebaeca .focused content region { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u513fe0e88afd630f9b877d4e8cebaeca , .u513fe0e88afd630f9b877d4e8cebaeca:hover , .u513fe0e88afd630f9b877d4e8cebaeca:visited , .u513fe0e88afd630f9b877d4e8cebaeca:active { border:0!important; } .u513fe0e88afd630f9b877d4e8cebaeca .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u513fe0e88afd630f9b877d4e8cebaeca { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; obscurity: 1; change: darkness 250ms; webkit-change: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u513fe0e88afd630f9b877d4e8cebaeca:active , .u513fe0e88afd630f9b877d4e8cebaeca:hover { haziness: 1; change: murkiness 250ms; webkit-change: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u513fe0e88afd630f9b877d4e8cebaeca .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relative; } . u513fe0e88afd630f9b877d4e8cebaeca .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content enrichment: underline; } .u513fe0e88afd630f9b877d4e8cebaeca .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u513fe0e88afd630f9b877d4e8cebaeca .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; outskirt span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: intense; line-tallness: 26px; moz-fringe sweep: 3px; content adjust: focus; content improvement: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .u513fe0e88afd630f9b877d4e8cebaeca:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u513fe0e88afd630f 9b877d4e8cebaeca .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u513fe0e88afd630f9b877d4e8cebaeca-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u513fe0e88afd630f9b877d4e8cebaeca:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Essay about Impact of Cyber Security Vulnerability on Organizations EssayIn end, the lessening in investigation of aesthetic sciences looks genuine despite the fact that humanities educators like to imagine this is an impermanent irregularity and discussion about methods of reviewing it (Fish 1). The ongoing instruction framework has indicated that enthusiasm for human sciences is dismissed despite the fact that it gives scholarly adaptability, aptitudes in self articulation, ND an all inclusive comprehension of decent variety (Urbane 2-31 Once upon a period prominent researchers were contemplating expressions of the human experien ce, perusing and expounding on history and social science, understanding the world through training. We ought to be appreciative for the improvements Science and Business have brought to our reality yet is it worth loosing What was once significant? Science and Business movements tint brought productivity and viability into our ways of life which individuals are currently consolidating into their instruction programs. Instead of dedicating an actual existence time to idealizing their comprehension of subject understudies are deciding to consider what hello are not inspired by to set aside time and cash.
Saturday, August 8, 2020
Essay Sample about Police Brutality
Essay Sample about Police Brutality In the ideal world, the police is a power that should protect people and enforce the law. Unfortunately, practice shows a completely different picture. Very often, police forces become a threatening power that breaks the law and dont respect peopleâs rights. Police brutality is, first of all, presented in the international usage of expressive force and verbal attacks directed towards any countries citizens by the police force. Apart from this, it is not necessarily a physical action, it can also be a psychological intimidation. The statics show that the number of cases of police brutality increases every year. In most of the cases police brutality represented in the form of police misconduct. In other words, false arrests, sexual abuse, political repression, police corruption, racial profiling, and other similar things are a representation of a police brutality. In most of the situations, these forms of brutality are usually directed towards vulnerable groups of people, like the poor, the elderly, and the weak. In other words, those who canât protect themselves suffer the most. A lot of the countries allow their police forces to use when it is necessary. Yet, according to the law, such actions should be reasonable. Unfortunately, very often they arenât justified, and it is necessary to do something with this. One of the most common forms of the police brutality is racial discrimination. Especially, it is clearly seen in the United States. People, who work in the police should forget about their personal attitude and protect all of the citizens of the country. For example, in America, there is a thing that is called DWB or driving while black. It is a vivid example of a racial profile. Innocent people are pulled over by the police just because of their race. The reason for such actions is simple, a lot of the policemen believe that most of the black people are drug users and traffickers. The same situation is with the Arab Americans and peopleâs belief that most of them are terrorists. The other weak groups, like the elderly, the poor, the weak, drug addicts, and women, are also suffering from the police brutality. In most of the situation, it is represented by the demanding of bribes and sex or routine beatings. Very often such approach has a psychological reason. People, who work in police, feel that they have more power and rights than other people. This feeling creates the feeling of impunity. There are only two things that can help to change the situation with the police brutality for better. The first one is the law. If the government takes some actions against police brutality, there are some chances that it can help. For example, it is possible to create a law that states that any police officer who is accused of brutality by more than two people shouldnât be paid for a month. Yet, the best decision is to eliminate the public and police work together. In this case, it will be possible to control actions of the police. Apart from this, it is quite useful to citizen review boards. They will give the people a chance to bring in their opinions about excessive force into the review of the police conduct. Not all of the people who work there are necessarily bad. There are those, who really want to protect the ordinary citizens and help those who need this. However, a great number of the police workers forget about this with some time because of different reasons. That is why, it is essential for the police to work together with the public organizations that can control such things. Every person, if he/she wants this, can help to decrease the number of police brutality cases.
Saturday, May 23, 2020
Deception And Reasoning Behind Lying Using Behavioral Science
For my research project I had initially started with looking at deception and reasoning behind lying using behavioural science as a line into looking at the truth through peopleââ¬â¢s faces. As a result of the initial research I delved into the human psyche where I began looking into the human condition which placed emphasis on lying and deception to oneââ¬â¢s benefit. This can range from a favourable place in society to keeping their mental state stable. This developed into deception in tricking yourself instead of others and this took me into delusions and mental health, this was also influenced by the 602 film project introducing dreams into my research, a quote I heard from a psychologist we interviewed, from the Talmud, a central text in Judaism. The quote being ââ¬Å"A dream that is not interpreted is like a letter that has not been opened â⬠. In terms of delusion I took this as dreams being a way of hiding problems, so while the person is experiencing the dream first hand they will not understand the underlying message. Case Study 1 - Fight Club My first case study will be of ââ¬ËFight Clubââ¬â¢ first released in 1999 directed by David Fincher, it was a film adaptation of a novel of the same name. The film revolved around a nameless narrator who is tired of his mundane lifestyle and delves into a life of crime and violence to alleviate his boredom with life. To do so after meeting a man named Tyler Durden they form a fight club which allows men discontented with life to take part inShow MoreRelatedForensic Psychology: Limitation of Forensic Assessments4656 Words à |à 19 PagesINTRODUCTION From time immemorial, man has been fascinated with behavioral deviations from the normative particularly in the context of crime, or more generally, morality. In fact, classical playwrights and novelists such as Shakespeare and Dostoevsky owe their literary success to their incredible ability to glare into socially and morally deviant minds and weave stories around them. We see a similar trend today. Much of primetime television is filled with shows that have experienced psychoanalystsRead MoreAgency Theory: an Assessment and Review9496 Words à |à 38 Pages(Capitalism,1984, p. 62) Agency theory has been used by scholars in accounting (e.g., Demski Feltham, 1978), economics (e.g., Spence Zeckhauser, 1971), finance (e.g., Fama, 1980), marketing (e.g., Basu, Lal, Srinivasan, Staelin, 1985), political science (e.g., Mitnick, 1986), organizational behavior (e.g., Eisenhardt, 1985, 1988; Kosnik, 1987), and sociology (e.g., Eccles, 1985; White, 1985). Yet, it is still surrounded by c ontroversy. Its proponents argue that a revolution is at hand and that theRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography: Plagiarism39529 Words à |à 158 Pagesuniversity practice. Vaccine, 30(50): 7131-7133. Rushby, N. (2013), Plagiarism. British Journal of Educational Technology, 44:à 3 4. Vitse, C. L. and Poland, G. A. (2012), Plagiarism, self-plagiarism, scientific misconduct, and VACCINE: Protecting the science and the public. Organization, 19(6): 881- 889. Global Health Bibliography Carabali, J. M. and Hendricks, D. (2012), Dengue and health care access: the role of social determinants of health in dengue surveillance in Colombia. Global Health PromotionRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words à |à 1573 PagesBehavior 22 Coming Attractions: Developing an OB Model 23 An Overview 23 â⬠¢ Inputs 24 â⬠¢ Processes 25 â⬠¢ Outcomes 25 Summary and Implications for Managers 30 S A L Self-Assessment Library How Much Do I Know About Organizational Behavior? 4 Myth or Science? ââ¬Å"Most Acts of Workplace Bullying Are Men Attacking Womenâ⬠12 An Ethical Choice Can You Learn from Failure? 24 glOBalization! Does National Culture Affect Organizational Practices? 30 Point/Counterpoint Lost in Translation? 31 Questions for ReviewRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words à |à 1617 Pagesand Byron vs. Thomas 278 Observerââ¬â¢s Feedback Form 278 5 GAINING POWER AND INFLUENCE 279 280 SKILL ASSESSMENT 280 Diagnostic Surveys for Gaining Power and Influence Gaining Power and Influence 280 Using Influence Strategies 281 SKILL LEARNING 283 Building a Strong Power Base and Using Influence Wisely 283 A Balanced View of Power 283 Lack of Power 283 Abuse of Power 285 Strategies for Gaining Organizational Power 286 The Necessity of Power and Empowerment 286 Sources of Personal Power 288Read MoreRastafarian79520 Words à |à 319 Pagesessays, and periodical articles. Archival sources, such as newspaper reports, policy statements, pamphlets, and organization manuals have also provided useful information. Chapter 1 reviews and reï ¬ nes Webers theory of charisma and routinization, using insights from a number of social movement scholars. Though this book focuses on routinization, it is necessary to locate routinization and its twin concept, charisma, in the wider context of Webers view of social change.11 In chapter 2, I identifyRead More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words à |à 1422 Pagesthe Cedar Rapids, Iowa, Community Schools. In his spare time he enjoys reading and hiking. He and his wife have a daughter, Anna, who is a graduate student in Civil Engineering at Cal Tech. JAY DEVORE earned his undergraduate degree in Engineering Science from the University of California at Berkeley, spent a year at the University of Shefï ¬ eld in England, and ï ¬ nished his Ph.D. in statistics at Stanford University. He previously taught at the University of Florida and at Oberlin College and has hadRead MoreHuman Resources Management150900 Words à |à 604 Pagestime, many individuals who are obtaining higher education degrees are doing so in nontechnical or nonscientific fields rather than engineering or computer sciences, where the greatest gap between job growth and worker supply exists. On the lower end, far too many students graduating from U.S. high schoo ls lack the basic mathematical, reasoning, and writing skills needed for many jobs. Unless major efforts are made to improve educational systems, especially those serving minorities, employers will
Tuesday, May 12, 2020
Accredited Bachelor Degree Business Online Acquire Skills Necessary for Success as an Entrepreneur 2019
Successful entrepreneurs build lucrative companies, such as Google and Ebay, and boast empires long after retirement from the daily grind. However, success is rarely easy to achieve in todays competitive world of business. Entrepreneurs looking to improve their chances at success are currently acquiring business know-how through the accredited bachelor degree business online program . An Accredited Bachelor Degree Business Online Program Provides Knowledge and Skills for Entrepreneurial Success Every entrepreneur is responsible for the business functioning of his or her own organization, especially during the start-up phase. The accredited bachelor degree business online program teaches a variety of business skills that have been deemed necessary for success, including: Written and oral communication skills through bachelor of science in business (BSB) courses Realistic goal setting through BSB classes. Leadership skills from experienced BSB professors Finance knowledge from knowledgeable BSB professionals Human resources information through BSB lessons. Sales and marketing skills from BSB industry experts .ufd3409b3894c2f396e2779ea506c6125 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .ufd3409b3894c2f396e2779ea506c6125:active, .ufd3409b3894c2f396e2779ea506c6125:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .ufd3409b3894c2f396e2779ea506c6125 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .ufd3409b3894c2f396e2779ea506c6125 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .ufd3409b3894c2f396e2779ea506c6125 .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .ufd3409b3894c2f396e2779ea506c6125:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Find Education and Teaching Degree ProgramsTraits of Successful Entrepreneurs can be Developed through the Accredited Bachelor Degree Business Online Program Heaps of information have been written on the subject of the traits and practices of successful entrepreneurs. Daniel Pink, author of A Whole New World in Mind: Moving from the Information Age to the Conceptual Age, offers the following global traits as essential for personal development in entrepreneurs: Accredited bachelor degree business online graduates must create products and services with the end user in mind. Accredited bachelor degree business online graduates should design a story to differentiate their product. Accredited bachelor degree business online graduates must possess the ability to see the big picture of the business. Accredited bachelor degree business online graduates must develop empathy in order to be effective salespeople. Accredited bachelor degree business online graduates will find success through offering a playful, creative work environment. Accredited bachelor degree business online graduates must provide meaningful work in order to retain talented empl oyees. .uc077714c30631fffa7e8e2ee6820c1a9 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .uc077714c30631fffa7e8e2ee6820c1a9:active, .uc077714c30631fffa7e8e2ee6820c1a9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .uc077714c30631fffa7e8e2ee6820c1a9 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .uc077714c30631fffa7e8e2ee6820c1a9 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .uc077714c30631fffa7e8e2ee6820c1a9 .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .uc077714c30631fffa7e8e2ee6820c1a9:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Nevada Colleges and Universities Pursuing Online and Campus Based Education in Nevada, the Silver StateBecoming a talented entrepreneur comes with no black and white instruction manual. However, earning an accredited bachelor degree business online diploma is now helping to set many graduates on the path to entrepreneurial success. Related ArticlesBSB 5 Ways to Earn a Bachelor of Science in Business in as Little as 12 MonthsBusiness Management Degree Top Degrees for Professionals Who Want to Start Their Own BusinessesBachelor Business Management Degree Use a Degree from Kaplan University to Boost a Small Business Start-UpBachelor Business Degree in Management of Information Systems Enter an IT Career in the Business EnvironmentWhy Startups Should Seek Help From The Small Business AdministrationSmall Business Accounting Software from Microsoft
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
The Human Rights Act Free Essays
Amy has dementia and lives in a residential home. In the mornings Amy has always been able to get out of bed and get dressed with some minimal support and then walk independently down to the dining area where she has chosen to have breakfast. Over the past week Amy has been staying in bed longer and longer; she is reluctant to get up in the morning and does not do very much for herself when getting dressed. We will write a custom essay sample on The Human Rights Act or any similar topic only for you Order Now Her mobility has reduced also and she has started to get pressure sores. Amyââ¬â¢s appetite has also become very poor and she usually only eats a few spoonfulââ¬â¢s of her food. When carers encourage her to eat more she refuses. The Human Rights act The human rights act is there to protect people, young, old, rich and poor. They give people the right to freedom of speech, right of freedom, privacy and to be equally treated (not discriminated). This links to Amy because with Amy having dementia she may do certain things that are not appropriate. An example could be when she goes to the toilet she decide not to close the door and leave it wide open for people see inside. As one of her care workers it would be my duty to try my best to close the door. As much as Amy may protest it is part of my job to protect Amyââ¬â¢s privacy and dignity. The Mental Capacity act The mental capacity act has been put into place to make it possible for adults who are unable to make decisions for them to be able to make certain decisions for themselves. ââ¬ËUnder the Mental Capacity Act a person is presumed to make their own decisions ââ¬Å"unless all practical steps to help them make a decision have been taken without successâ⬠.ââ¬â¢ This would link into Amy when she decisions for example if she decides she wants to live on her own for the rest of her life. At some point in this decision there will be a problem financially and providing a one to one carer for the whole of the day and night. Putting people first Framework Putting people first was put in place to outline responsibilities of care workers when working with dementia. Some of the responsibilities include; making sure the patient has taken any medication they need to take, ensuring they have had something to eat and drink throughout the day. It is very easy for somebody with dementia to become anorexic or obese because their short term memory can make them forget that they have had nothing to eat or in the opposite way that they have already had their something. This framework will help Amy because it would be their care workers responsibility to make sure they have had breakfast and write it down if she has or not for the next care worker who may be a part of her team because then they cannot just assume Amy has had something to eat or not. There are many different types of roles and responsibilities that come with being a care worker for somebody with dementia. The care worker has to promote dignity for the service user. Respect them and give them independence, their rights and privacy. Again giving them privacy could just be by closing their toilet door so nobody can see them when on the toilet. Focusing on strengths and the things they have the ability to do. For example when lied in bed if they canââ¬â¢t sit up to help themselves out of bed, rather than saying ââ¬Ëyou know you canââ¬â¢t do that on your own, you donââ¬â¢t need any helpââ¬â¢ ask them ââ¬Ëdo you want some help? Iââ¬â¢ll help you up, you swing your legs out of bed then you can get upââ¬â¢. By focusing on the things they can do youââ¬â¢ll be helping to promote their independence to do something else. Involving their friends and family is another responsibility to a care worker to help the individual interact with family member and friends. This could just be by taking the service user for a walk to the park on a nice day with one of their friends. Giving them the chance to get some fresh air and interact with friends. Acting in the best interest of the individual. This could be just by when you do take them for a walk by making sure you use a pedestrian crossing rather than just crossing the road because there are no cars coming down the road. This links into the case study with Amy for because in the case study it says ââ¬Ëshe is reluctant to get to get up in the morning and does not do very much for herself when getting dressed.ââ¬â¢ As well as promoting her independence, when giving her the opportunity to interact with friends and family your giving her a reason to want to get up in the morning. The job role of a care worker is mainly working within a team and not as an individual. For example if a service user has 3 or 4 different care workers throughout the day, the care workers would communicate in a diary by saying when the service user has had their breakfast and what time they took their medication. They may also promote their independence by using a tablet box. This would work because in the diary the first care worker could say ââ¬ËAnn took her first tablet at 9 oââ¬â¢clock, she is next due to take her tablet 4 hours later which will be 1 oââ¬â¢clock, give her the tablet box and tell her she needs to take tablet 2ââ¬â¢. By doing this youââ¬â¢re giving Amy as the service user independence to take the tablet herself your just supporting her by telling her when to take it. This would help to improve the service userââ¬â¢s health because it means all their tablets will be taken at the right time. Also having the professionals work as a team writing different things into the diary such as what time they had their breakfast and what they had will help to minimise chances for obesity. This will help Amy by trying to keep her health and fitness levels balanced. This will also help because each different professional will also know what they had and if they had something unhealthy such as fried bacon and egg on toast, the next professional may say ââ¬Ëright ok you had fried foods for breakfast lets have something healthy for dinner such as a tuna pasta salad or a chicken and salad pita bread with a Muller light yoghurt. By doing this they are getting more of a balanced diet. They could also write in the amount of exercise the service user has had from going for a 20 minute walk with the dog, a half an hour game on the Nintendo Wii. There are many different approaches to dementia care and all the different approaches can have their own effect to Amy as the service user. For example in the case study it says ââ¬ËAmy has always been able to get out of bed and get dressed with minimal supportââ¬â¢ then it says ââ¬Ëover the past week Amy has been staying in bed longer and longer; she is reluctant to get up in the morning and does not do very much for herself when getting dressed.ââ¬â¢ There are different approaches to how the care worker could work with this problem. If the care worker decides to help them get up by physicallyà helping them, lifting them up and swinging their legs around to get them up and then get them dressed there could be quite a few possible outcomes with strengths and weaknesses of their own. One strength of this approach could be how Amy will then be up and ready for the day ahead. However a weakness to this approach could be how Amy has not done anything within the process. Another weakness to this approach could be how Amy may now expect to get this help every morning, because she has had full help and not had to do anything independently. A different approach to how the care worker could work with this problem could be by helping her with minimal help like usual. Saying to Amy ââ¬Ëcome on Amy, Iââ¬â¢ll help you sit up, you swing your legs around if you can.ââ¬â¢ Once Amy is up by then helping her get ready rather than just getting her ready. A strength to this approach could be how Amy will of managed to get herself with minimal support just like n a regular day. A weakness to this approach could be pain Amy may feel when swinging her legs out of bed to get up.ââ¬â¢ However another strength to this approach is how Amy has still had her independence promoted because she has still been able to do things for herself when getting ready. Therefore no matter what approach the care worker uses to encourage Amy to get up and get ready there will be strengths and weaknesses and effects to her. Whether or not they be good or bad effects. How to cite The Human Rights Act, Papers
Saturday, May 2, 2020
Social Determinants of Health and Development
Question: Write an essay on social determinants of health and development. Answer: In this report, the author will discuss social determinants of health and development. The essay will specifically focus on early life influences on the health of Native Americans. The author will present public health framework to critically evaluate the impact of social, economic, cultural and political factors on the population and develop strategies to address these factors. According to Alastalo et al., (2013) the conditions, environment in which people live, and resources such as food supply, transportation, education, social relationships that enhance the quality of life constitutes social determinants of health. This is a contemporary approach for action on health inequalities. Different social determinants include race, gender, socioeconomic status, early life experiences and place of residence. In this report, the author will mainly highlight early life influences as a social determinant and its impact on midstream and downstream determinants of health. In this report, the impact of this social health determinant on Native Americans will be demonstrated. Further, the author will discuss how to address the influence of this determinant. A thorough literature review will be performed to support the ideas and theories used in the study. Several researchers have worked on the subject of social determinants and explained the three factors associated with it. (Jensen et al., 2013) identified these factors to be income inequality, social connectedness and sense of personal or collective efficacy. (Braveman Gottlieb, 2014) believes that the unequal distributions of health and well-being of the nations relate to the uneven distribution of economic and social factors. Health disparities occur in the population with poor living conditions, race, with Native Americans suffering from less than optimal health outcomes. People with low economic levels have the limited connectedness with their family, friends, social groups and communities. They are less able to control their lives and circumstances. These people are more likely to suffer health problems. Hence, it is not always that biology is responsible for all the individuals health outcomes. According to Currie et al., (2012) due to the current development of effective med ication and treatment and rising political focus, these determinants are not in the forefront to influence and enhance health Why EARLY LIFE INFLUENCE' is a social determinant of health Early life influences mainly refer to experiences in childhood and its impact on later life. These early experiences leave their impact for years and substantially show the outcome in adulthood. According to Currie et al., (2012), behavior related to health such as sedentary lifestyle, smoking, low educational attainment increases health degradation in later life. However, this decline in health is not only manifested by environmental and biological factors but due to historical experiences as well. According to Kendall-Tackett, (2014) early childhood lays the foundation of the adult health. Jensen et al., (2013) reports that slow growth with toxic stress during early life are biologically incorporated during the development process. Eventually, it leads to poor emotional health and significantly reduces cognitive skills in addition to a decrease of emotional and physical functions during adulthood. Sachser et al., (2013) identified that poor development of fetus results from illicit drug use, malnutrition, excessive smoking, and lack of appropriate prenatal care during pregnancy. It is reflected in adverse health issues in later life. A study by Doucet Rovers, (2010) shows that experiences in childhood such as child abuse, maltreatment, a death of near one's parental separation, are termed as traumatic experiences and are factors for Early Life Stress (ELS). Throughout the life, these serve as a template for health decline. Several types of research have shown that the low socioeconomic situations in early life also hamper the physical function and general health in later life. According to Jensen, et al., (2013), it is due to sensitive periods of growth and development in early life that the mental and physical health in adulthood and at old age is detoriated. The Australian researchers working on public health has developed the framework of socioeconomic health determinants. It is based on researched evidence and classifies the determinants as upstream, midstream and downstream factors. From left to right the framework depicts the effect of macro factors on the intermediate factors and the combined impact of th e micro factors (Figure 1). In this public health framework, the upstream determinants identify the physical, economic, social and environmental factors as key determinants of socioeconomic variability in health. The factors such as housing, income, employment, domestic and international policies constitute the upstream determinants. On the other hand, the psychosocial processes and health behaviors are outlined by the midstream factors which are known to result from the upstream factors. Finally, the downstream factor reflects the overall impact of the above two factors. It refers to the biological health model that is it shows the illnesses and diseases. These ultimately create disparities in life expectancy, mortality, and morbidity. To solve a problem permanently one has to address the root causes for long term benefits. Understanding the concept of the early life influences may help develop strategies to prevent or develop measures to resolve the issue. It will also assist in answering the myriad questionsassociated with it. Such studies allow researchers in clinical and academic medicine towards the challenge of developing "interventions to mitigate" the health effects related to traumatic life experiences. Early life influences of Native Americans (Goodkind et al., 2012) asserts that due to the violent colonization of the indigenous Americans, psychological risks have increased as it damaged the protective factors that are culture based, disrupted the community system as well as the knowledge of parenting. It is the major contributing factor of the health disparities in this group of people. Doucet Rovers, (2010) Contends that the link between early life influences and its effect in later life can be established only if it complies with three theories based perspectives, which includes: psychosocial, economic theory and ecological systems theory. The impact of European activities on the aboriginals of America includes infliction with various infections, loss of lives and violent experiences termed as American Indian Holocaust. Dickerson Johnson, (2012) argues that explicit policies intended to assimilate indigenous people forcefully and suppress of culture lead to cultural genocide. The majority of the Native Americans underwent loss of lands and was devoid of agricultural activities. According to Alastalo et al., (2013) they were forced to relocate to urban areas thereby leading to poor socioeconomic conditions. Barnes et al., (2010) observed and applied the theory of attachment to describe the existence of insecure attachment in children of Holocaust survivors". Currie et al., (2012) supported the concept of Barnes et al., (2010) while researching on this group of individuals and his findings show the predisposition of stress-related disorders. These studies proved that such traumatic experiences leave a permanent impact on the health of Native Americans as well as on the well-being of other communities. Bonanno, (2004) in his article Stress, trauma, and coronary heart disease among Native Americans highlighted the fact that disproportional amount of trauma is the contributing factor of accelerated cardiovascular diseases and death. In the comparative study conducted by Dickerson Johnson, (2012) adverse childhood experiences of 7 American tribes and compared to that of the study of Shonkoff et al., (2012) on Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE). The results showed that the majority of the selected subjects were exposed to trauma, and the experiences were of more than four categories. Epigenetic studies by (Shalev Belsky, 2016) reveal, genes have the ability to store memories of trauma experienced by our ancestors. He also says it can impac how we react to stress and trauma. It explains further that the early traumatic experiences influence the gene structure, which becomes more prone to activating negative responses to toxic stress. The studies are considered to be scientific proof of intergenerational trauma being real. Therefore, historical trauma is the contributing factor of diabetes and depression. According to Gray et al., (2012) increased addiction, sexual abuse, suicide and mental illness and other similar vices among Native Americans might be an influence of historical trauma. Goodkind et al., (2012), reported that the epigenetic studies helped track present help disparities to the colonial health deficits which have resulted from the consequences of colonization. The same was reported by American Indian and Alaska Native Genetics Research Guide created by "National Congress of American Indians." Which midstream and downstream determinants do it influence and how? In this section, the author will discuss the midstream and downstream determinants are influenced by early life stress. According to May Previte, (2016) early life influences affect the downstream factors. Traumatic stress leads to damage of physiological functioning. Sachseret al., 2013) Recognized this determinant as post-traumatic stress disorder because of European conquest. Adverse experiences in early life result in damaged homeostasis. Shonkoff et al., (2012) recognized that such people suffer from severe gastrointestinal disorders, cardiovascular problems and diabetes. (Shalev Belsky, 2016) believes that these ultimately create disparities in life expectancy, mortality and morbidity. These relate to downstream factors. According to Lovallo, (2015) adolescents of Native America were found with compromised immune system and hypertension. Stress in early life influenced their body mass index which falls under the category of downstream determinants. A survey conducted by Currie et al., (2012) on 76 school teenagers in Washington of age range 15-16 years. Results showed 14 children with the high rate of absenteeism in schools, poor academic performance, and lack of friends, low self-esteem, and negative perceptions. Four of the children left school. Further studies by Lovallo, (2015) traced back these factors to toxic stress in early life and poor socioeconomic conditions. According to Gray Montgomery, (2012) Native Americans of any ethnic group showed highest alcohol consumption per week. Dickerson Johnson, (2012) adds that they rank high on the list of binge drinking, and illicit druguse. National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010, further confirms these reports. These details are in line with the midstream factors. Doucet Rovers, (2010) confirmed that alcohol consumption correlates with lack of positive role models, loss of cultural identity, history of neglect, low self-esteem, self-medication due to hopelessness, and lo ss of connections with family and tribal. Capezza et al., (2012) identified that trauma is associated with the damage of endocrine and sympathetic nervous system. During stress, the body consumes oxygen and glucose, and a brain is stimulated to activate adrenal glands for a release of epinephrine. It further results in increased blood pressure, heart rate, cortical released from pituitary gland. Cortical and epinephrine are increased at the higher rate at the time of stress. These determinants fall under the category of midstream factors. Statistical reports reveal that the Native Americans have high suicide rate even three folds greater than the national average (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010). It was stated in reports of Currie et al., (2012) that the Native American suicide rates were found to be 33 per 100,000, when compared to Black (7.4), Hispanic (9.9), non-Hispanic White (14.2), and Asian or Pacific Islander (8.5). Sachser et al., (2013) analysis confirms the absence of the link to the cultural past and inability to relate to the present circumstances is the contributing factor of suicides. This gives the evidence of how early life influenced the midstream and downstream determinants. How does this determinant interact with other determinants in this culture to impact health? In this section, the author will discuss the other determinants influenced by early life influences. According to Carlson Everett, (2013) in Native Americans domestic violence, sexual abuse is three-fold higher than the average. Braveman Gottlieb, (2014) reports that there is a high rate of childhood abuse and assault due to their forced removal from native American families making them vulnerable to adverse experiences. According to Capezza et al., (2012), these children are highly represented in child protective services. In his reports Braveman Gottlieb, (2014) showed that a very smaller group of individuals has high education attainment in Native American community which is 10% out of 23% of the total population. Around 26% of the total population live in poverty and have two fold more unemployment rate and low income. They are subjected to high taxation. Consequently, they were forced to live in poor housing conditions with inadequate sanitation and drinking facilities. These are the upstream determinants influenced by the early life experiences. According to Goodkind et al., (2012) parents who are the victims of historical trauma are less attached to their children due to lack of trust and intimacy. In some cases, parents adapt violent nature in dealing with their children. Currie et al., (2012) identified that breakdown of families due to the removal of children by force is the other primary factor for detachment. As parents entered this cycle of violence, they lost social connection. They are isolated from their neighbors and mainly stay on the outskirts of the city with compromised transportation system. It consequently deprives them of medical facilities and affects their general health. These upstream factors together with midstream factors have a cumulative effect on the downstream determinants. The same is clearly depicted in figure 1. What can be done to address this determinant in this culture? In this assignment, the author discusses the ways to address the selected social determinant in this culture. Hartmann et al., (2012) suggested that the mental health interventions should include both the motivational and the intervention phases. The former phase deals with the historical perspective related to present health issues and the later deals with the use of evidence-based practices and patient centered approach. Rehabilitation programs should be more efficient and oriented towards decrease of readmissions of patients. Lovallo, (2015) said that intervention for the clinicians is the necessary step to validate the existence initial historical losses that happened along with the continued discrimination which impacted the Native American people. A collaborative effort is necessary from researchers, clinicians, psychologists, nurses, to develop innovative, methods to address this issue. Some legislation already in use includes Mental Health America. It collaborates with the managers and leaders of the hospitals for recommendation of policies related to improvement of quality and safet y of mental health services. It aims to decrease the overrepresentation of children in mental care hospitals. Gray et al., (2012) suggested that palliative care should be provided to this community to assist in reaching the medical facilities; to aware, them of stress-associated diseases and preventive measures. I personally believe the government must frame policies and regulations to safeguard the health of children and adults suffering from early life influences. There must be regular programs for people to educate them of adverse health consequences of stress. Yoga, meditation and spiritual programs must be mandatory across the nation. Hartmann et al., (2012) believes that these activities have immense health benefits and are evident through bout of literature available. Shonkoff et al., (2012) suggests the use of tribal healing for addressing this issue. In other countries such as Australia, this approach was successful in some communities. Community healing decreased alcohol consumption and adolescent addiction of drugs. It includes the involvement of parents and relatives, which is highly preferred by indigenous people compared to strange hospital environment. The other advantage it offers is that patients do not have to travel distant and expensive hospitals. Tribal healing is cost effective and strictly maintains its traditions. People included for healing must comply with the rules and are punished if failed. It disallows substance abuse being in a community and considered sin. Therefore, it helps people recover easily. Further researches in this area are needed, as it is evident from the literature research that there is underrepresentation of Native Americans in mental health services. Doucet Rovers, (2010) found the same in his literature review on Native Americans' mental treatment conditions that six nonrandomized outcome studies, three randomized studies, seven clinical case studies, 16 studies related to intervention descriptions, and 24 intervention approaches. However, the article did not show the validity of the treatment process or any empirical treatment modalities to address mental health requirements of the Native Americans. The health disparities will continue without the required interventions and provision of evidence-based care and patient centered approaches. Conclusion The social determinants of health and development are the agents influencing the issues. These mainly fall into three categories of social connectedness, economic inequality, and sense of efficacy. Addressing these issues is advantageous in eliminating the root causes. A participatory approach is useful to assess and address the social determinants of health and development issues. It is easy to get a clear concept on the subject by being inclusive of peoples ideas, perspectives, their knowledge of history and context of the issues and analyzing the data. Based on the above discussion it can be concluded that early life influences indeed have psychological, physiological, behavioral effects in later life. A Large number of individuals from Native American population continue to experience social, economic, environmental and physical distress. The public health framework provides an opportunity to understand the causes of the current mental health issues of Native Americans. It showed the interrelatedness between the upstream and midstream and its cumulative effect on the downstream determinants. The report depicts how adverse experiences of early life and that of ancestors affect the adulthood and subsequent generations. The health disparities will continue without the required interventions and provision of evidence-based care services. Also, tribal healing, community participation, counseling sessions are the approaches needed to validate depression related to historical trauma. The literature review has clear the concepts of these subjects and was enthralling to prepare this report. References Alastalo, H., von Bonsdorff, M. B., Rikknen, K., Pesonen, A. K., Osmond, C., Barker, D. J., ... Eriksson, J. G. (2013). Early life stress and physical and psychosocial functioning in late adulthood.PloS one,8(7), e69011. Barnes, P. M., Adams, P. F., Powell-Griner, E. (2010). Health characteristics of the American Indian or Alaska Native adult population: United States, 20042008.National Health Statistics Reports,No. 20. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. Bonanno, G. A. (2004). Loss, trauma, and human resilience: have we underestimated the human capacity to thrive after extremely aversive events?.American psychologist,59(1), 20. Brave Heart, M., Chase, J., Elkins, J., Altschul, D. B. (2011). 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Review of social determinants and the health divide in the WHO European Region: final report. Kendall-Tackett, K. (2014). The Effects of Childhood Maltreatment and of Exposure to Early Toxic Stress.Child Abuse and Neglect Worldwide, 155. Lovallo, W. R. (2015).Stress and health: Biological and psychological interactions. Sage publications. May, C., Previte, J. (2016). Understanding the midstream environment within a social change systems continuum.Journal of Social Marketing,6(3). Morgan III, C. A., Hazlett, G., Wang, S., Richardson Jr, E. G., Schnurr, P., Southwick, S. M. (2015). Symptoms of dissociation in humans experiencing acute, uncontrollable stress: a prospective investigation.American Journal of Psychiatry. Sachser, N., Kaiser, S., Hennessy, M. B. (2013). Behavioural profiles are shaped by social experience: when, how and why.Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B,368(1618), 20120344. Shalev, I., Belsky, J. (2016). Early-life stress and reproductive cost: A two-hit developmental model of accelerated aging?.Medical hypotheses,90, 41-47. Shonkoff, J. P., Garner, A. S., Siegel, B. S., Dobbins, M. I., Earls, M. F., McGuinn, L., ... Wood, D. L. (2012). The lifelong effects of early childhood adversity and toxic stress.Pediatrics,129(1), e232-e246. Woolf, S. H., Aron, L. (2013). Social Factors.
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